ASTM A178 Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese...

ASTM A178 Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes

ASTM A178 / A178M - 02(2012)
Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes

Abstract
This specification covers standards for electric-resistance-welded tubes with minimum-wall-thickness made of carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel to be used in boiler tubes, boiler flues, superheater flues, and safe ends. The steel shall be of Grades A (low-carbon steel), C (medium-carbon steel), or D (carbon-manganese steel). All tubes shall be submitted to heat treatment after welding, followed by cooling. The steel shall conform to stated compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur, and silicon. Grades C and D shall conform to given tensile requirements, that is tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The material shall also be subjected to flattening, flange, tension, reverse flattening, and hydrostatic (or nondestructive electric) tests. Crush test shall also be performed if asked by the purchaser. Minimum elongation values are also given.
This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date.

1. Scope
1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, electric-resistance-welded tubes made of carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel intended for use as boiler tubes, boiler flues, superheater flues, and safe ends.
Note 1—Type C and D tubes are not suitable for safe-ending for forge welding.
1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1/2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.360 in. [0.9 to 9.1 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.
1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and when desired, shall be so stated in the order.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)
ASTM Standards
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing
E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing

3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (electric-resistance-welded tubes),
3.1.3 Grade (A, C, or D, Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
3.1.6 Optional requirements (product analysis, Section 7; crush test, Section 10; hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test, 11.6),
3.1.7 Test report required (Certification Section of Specification A 450/A 450M),
3.1.8 Specification designation,
3.1.9 Individual supplementary requirements, if required, and
3.1.10 Special requirements.

4. Manufacture
4.1 The steel for Grade D shall be killed.
4.2 Tubes shall be made by electric-resistance welding.

5. Steel Grade
ASTM A178 Grade A, Low-Carbon Steel
ASTM A178 Grade C, Medium-Carbon Steel
ASTM A178 Grade D, Carbon-Manganese Steel

6. The Steel Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties, please check original ASTM A178.

Keywords
Boiler Tubes - Boilers And Pressure Vessels - Carbon Steel - Carbon-Manganese Steel - Electric Resistance Welding - Resistance Welding - Superheater Tubes - Superheaters - Welded Pipes And Tubes - Welded Steel Tubes

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